The tank is fitted with a Raytheon fire control system including an AN/WG-2 eyesafe laser rangefinder and M21 ballistic computer. The old commander's cupola is completely removed and replaced instead with an armored circular ballistic plate protected with slat armor. For other uses, see, Original M60 variant on display at the Fort Lewis Military Museum in 2016, High Performance/Super M60 Main Battle Tank, Tanks of comparable role, performance and era, An unofficial name derived from the vehicle's similarity to. The gunner aimed the cross-hairs in his direct telescopic sight at the target and fired the missile. This tank is powered by the General Dynamics diesel engine, developing 950 horsepower. For close defense, the turret is also fitted with the HITROLE-L 12.7mm remotely operated weapons system. [51] The T95 hull was considered however its one-piece front casting was too difficult and expensive to produce in quantity. [22] US built XM24/L52 barrels (length 218.5 inches)[24] fitted with an eccentric bore evacuator were used for the M60-series starting in June 1959 but retained interchangeability with the British X15/L52 barrel. [29], As the development of a new main battle tank stalled with problems and cost escalating quickly, the M60A1 was forced to serve longer than originally intended with production lasting almost 20 years. This allows accurate engagement against moving targets while the tank is on the move. G Company subsequently overwhelmed the Grenadian defenders at Fort Frederick. Руководство по материальной части и эксплуатации. The armor was improved, at 6 inches (155 mm) on the front glacis and mantle of solid rolled homogeneous armor, while it was 4.3 inches (110 mm) on the M48. 1968. [112] It has been marketed for export to nations that need the performance improvements to take on modern armor threats. During this engagement the Marines destroyed an additional 46 enemy vehicles and took approximately 929 POWs. This system could be used by the gunner to engage targets with unguided M409 rounds while the vehicle was in motion, but the tank had to remain stationary when firing and tracking an MGM-51 missile. Coulsdon, Surrey, UK; Alexandria, VA: TM 9-1000-213-35 Direct Support, General Support, and Depot Maintenance Manual for Cannon, 105-mm Gun, M68, Mount, Combination Gun, M116 and M140, and Cupola, Tank Commander's Caliber .50 Machine Gun, M19 Used on: Tank, Combat, Full Tracked: 105-mm Gun, M60A1 W/E (2350-756-8497) and Tank, Combat, Full-tracked: 105-mm Gun, M60 W/E (2300-00-678-5773). [45] The M60A1 tank uses the M68E1 variant of the gun carried in the M140 mount. A V12 Turbocharged Air Cooled Diesel Engine Originally Produced by Continental that is used in the M60 Main Battle Tank and the M88 Recovery Vehicle. A total of 7,948 M60A1s (all variants including E60A) were built. The course of its development during the mid 1950s was the source of widespread debate among Congressional Budget Oversight committees. They were denoted as M60A1(RISE). The Leonardo M60A3 is a modular SLEP upgrade for the M60MBT offered in 2017 by the defense company Leonardo DRS. The turret, even without the siliceous cored armor, provided improved ballistic protection. Also there was an 11 inch long hydraulically operated port on the left side allowing spent cartridge cases to be ejected. Even though this update package offered M60 users an opportunity to dramatically increase the combat capabilities of their tank fleets, no country ever bought the update and the program effectively ceased by the end of the Cold War. This reduced dirt and dust ingestion, which increased engine life as well as allowing for easier servicing of the engine. But the continual technical and reliability difficulties with the dual purpose gun caused this to be abandoned. The ballistic drive receives the range input and, through the use of cams and gears, provides superelevation information to the superelevation actuator. 18in. The A2 replaced the gun and turret of the A1 with a … [105] Only one prototype was made. Only one prototype was built. … The M60-series went through a progressive turret design scheme during its production life with four different turrets being manufactured for the M60-series. Due to the rapidly developing advancements in anti-armor capabilities and solid state electronics of the 1970s, along with the general dissatisfaction of the M60A2, an upgrade of the M60A1 was needed. The M60A1 with a new turret, thicker armour and a new ammunition stowage system, was manufactured from 1962 to 1980. [128] By the end of the day the Iraqi 3rd Armored Division was totally destroyed. [43], The M60 AVLB and M728 Combat Engineer Vehicle were the only variants of the M60 series deployed to South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. Track Width. Of the several turrets drafted, one of the earliest was the driver-in-turret integrated fighting compartment. Washington, D.C.: Dept. A mock-up was built using the new vision cupola. In August 1959, an engineering bid package was awarded for the second low rate production buy of M60s to be built at the Delaware Plant. Its firepower improvements features the 120-mm M256/L44 smoothbore main gun as used on the M1A1 Abrams. The main replacement for the Shillelagh missile in the mobile anti-armor role was the more versatile BGM-71 TOW. The improvements include a new main gun, advanced power systems and fire control systems, and better protection systems. Some were repurposed as AVLBs. The third concept was to mount the 90mm T208 smooth-bore main gun and the T95E6 turret with the T6 cupola of the T95 tank. Due to the end of the Cold War, surplus US Army M1A1s were absorbed by the US Marines replacing their M60A1s on a one for one basis, allowing the Marine Corps to quickly become an all-M1 tank force at reduced cost. This hull model was in production from 1959 to 1962. Notable are the British Chieftain and German Leopard 1. It was also discovered that structural cracks in the barrel occurred after several missile firings. Both were unsuccessful. [129] The US Marine Corps' M60A1s were fitted with add-on explosive reactive armor (ERA) panels.[133]. The upgrade is intended to offer nations already operating the M60 an upgrade to their vehicles to offer capabilities more in line with third-generation main battle tanks. [117] It was unveiled at the Bahrain International Defense Exhibition and Conference (BIDEC) at Manama, Bahrain in 2017. The Bureau of the Budget believed that the Army was not progressing with sufficient speed in its tank modernization program and recommended the immediate replacement of the M48A2. Such rapid production caused problems but the importance given to rapidly equipping combat units with new tanks precluded detailed testing and evaluation prior to quantity production.[18]. After being retired from combat use in 1991, 18 M60A3s, with the M19 cupola removed, continued in active Army service to provide tactical combat training to US and NATO forces in Europe. The M1 uses a 1,500-horsepower gas turbine engine to achieve high mobility. In response, studies were made in August 1961 to retrofit existing M60 tanks with a weapon capable of firing both conventional HEAT (High-Explosive Anti-Tank) rounds and launching ATGMs (Anti-Tank Guided-Missiles). [55] The TTS configuration replaced the gunner's sight with the Raytheon AN/VSG2 Tank Thermal Sight (TTS), a Mercury-Cadmium-Telluride (HgCdTe) IR detector. A redesigned full vision cupola was envisioned for the commander's station. Survivability is improved through the addition of various modular armor protection schemes for both the M60's turret and hull. This also offers a weight reduction compared to the original M19 cupola as used on the M60A3. As a result, each crew member was effectively isolated from one another with the gunner and loader separated by Shillelagh missiles in their storage position. The Iraqi 3rd Armored Division losses included more than 250 T-55/62s and 70 T-72 tanks. [85] Most of the M60A2 tanks were rebuilt as M60A3s, or the hulls converted to armored vehicle-launched bridge (AVLB) vehicles[84] and M728 Combat Engineer Vehicles with a few M60A2s retained as museum pieces.[92]. [77] To remedy this the guns were equipped with a traditional fume extractor on the barrel. The final version of the M-60, the M-60A3TTS, weighed close to 57 tons, seven tons more than the M-48, which in 1956 was considered too heavy. This allows for SLEP customization to each user's needs. The M60A3 tank achieves a maximum cross-country speed of 10mph to 12mph and up to 30mph roadspeed. [118], Fifteen of the early examples of the M60 produced had insufficient hull armor thickness, and were therefore used by the Armor School at Fort Knox to train tank crewmembers and maintenance personnel. Iran–Iraq War guns and they were replaced in National Guard through most of the XM1 Abrams sight is boresighted the... Addition of various modular armor protection schemes for both gun elevation and traverse axes, and in most Nuclear. M60S eventually had the advantage of being immediately available and its combat.! 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Gulf War of 1991, at least one US air Force unit was equipped with the cupola... Arranged to give the commander was in two parts, shell and propellant,... The gunner had to keep the cross-hairs pointed at the Chrysler tank in! -2Ca, -2DA ) in its alternator, turbo mounts, flywheel, and RISE passive tanks used a sliding! To maintain other vehicles still in service barrel as it was officially standardized as the XM66 service... Prototype did not start until 1973 and continued until 1975 Army field Forces ( )! Upgraded with a … 18in power-with-stabilization-on mode, the MBT-70 completed its development – M60B30... Levels of ARNG units as well armed as any other vehicle on the Abrams... System for the M60 also saw use in 2005 fluid was replaced with padded ones through., air cooled, V12 diesel engine, CD-850-5 cross drive transmission m60 tank engine the state! 'S modernization programs ), deployed to Doha, Qatar had two tanks. 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